| IPC 6 English version | C12P-C12P04100 |
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SECTION C | – CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY |
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BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING |
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FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE (fermentation processes to form a food composition A 21, A 23; compounds in general, see the relevant compound class, e.g. C 01, C 07; brewing of beer C 12 C; producing vinegar C 12 J; processes for producing enzymes C 12 N 9/00; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification C 12 N 15/00) |
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Notes |
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(1) | This subclass covers both major and minor chemical modifications. [3] |
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(2) | Group C 12 P 1/00 covers processes for producing organic compounds not sufficiently identified to be classified in groups C 12 P 3/00 to C 12 P 37/00. Compounds identified only by their empirical formulae are not considered to be sufficiently identified. [3] |
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(3) | Attention is drawn to Notes (1) to (3) following the title of class C 12. [4] |
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(4) | If a particular reaction is considered of interest, it is also classified in the relevant chemical compound class, e.g. C 07, C 08. [3] |
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(5) | In this subclass: |
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– | metal or ammonium salts of a compound are classified as that compound. |
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– | compositions are classified in the relevant compound groups. [3] |
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(6) | In this subclass, it is desirable to add the indexing codes of subclass C 12 R. The indexing codes should be linked. [6] |
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1/ | 00 | Preparation of compounds or compositions, not provided for in groups C 12 P 3/00 to C 12 P 39/00, by using micro-organisms or enzymes; General processes for the preparation of compounds or compositions by using micro-organisms or enzymes [3] |
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1/ | 02 | . | by using fungi [3] |
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1/ | 04 | . | by using bacteria [3] |
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1/ | 06 | . | by using actinomycetales [3] |
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3/ | 00 | Preparation of elements or inorganic compounds except carbon dioxide [3] |
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5/ | 00 | Preparation of hydrocarbons [3] |
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5/ | 02 | . | acyclic (producing methane by anaerobic treatment of sludge C 02 F 11/04) [3] |
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7/ | 00 | Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds [3] |
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7/ | 02 | . | containing a hydroxy group [3] |
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7/ | 04 | . . | acyclic [3] |
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7/ | 06 | . . . | Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage [3] |
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7/ | 08 | . . . . | produced as by-product or from waste or cellulosic material substrate [3] |
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7/ | 10 | . . . . . | substrate containing cellulosic material [3] |
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7/ | 12 | . . . . . | substrate containing sulfite waste liquor or citrus waste [3] |
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7/ | 14 | . . . . | Multiple stages of fermentation; Multiple types of micro-organisms or reuse for micro-organisms [3] |
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7/ | 16 | . . . | Butanols [3] |
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7/ | 18 | . . . | polyhydric [3] |
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7/ | 20 | . . . . | Glycerol [3] |
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7/ | 22 | . . | aromatic [3] |
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7/ | 24 | . | containing a carbonyl group [3] |
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7/ | 26 | . . | Ketones [3] |
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7/ | 28 | . . . | Acetone-containing products [3] |
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7/ | 30 | . . . . | produced from substrate containing inorganic compounds other than water [3] |
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7/ | 32 | . . . . | produced from substrate containing inorganic nitrogen source [3] |
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7/ | 34 | . . . . | produced from substrate containing protein as nitrogen source [3] |
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7/ | 36 | . . . . | produced from substrate containing grain or cereal material [3] |
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7/ | 38 | . . . | Cyclopentanone- or cyclopentadione- containing products [3] |
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7/ | 40 | . | containing a carboxyl group [3] |
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7/ | 42 | . . | Hydroxy carboxylic acids [3] |
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7/ | 44 | . . | Polycarboxylic acids [3] |
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7/ | 46 | . . . | Dicarboxylic acids having four or less carbon atoms, e.g. fumaric acid, maleic acid [3] |
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7/ | 48 | . . . | Tricarboxylic acids, e.g. citric acid [3] |
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7/ | 50 | . . . | having keto groups, e.g. 2-ketoglutaric acid [3] |
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7/ | 52 | . . | Propionic acid; Butyric acids [3] |
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7/ | 54 | . . | Acetic acid (vinegar C 12 J) [3] |
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7/ | 56 | . . | Lactic acid [3] |
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7/ | 58 | . . | Aldonic, ketoaldonic or saccharic acids (uronic acids C 12 P 19/00) [3] |
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7/ | 60 | . . . | 2-Ketogulonic acid [3] |
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7/ | 62 | . | Carboxylic acid esters [3] |
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7/ | 64 | . | Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats [3] |
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7/ | 66 | . | containing the quinoid structure [3] |
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9/ | 00 | Preparation of organic compounds containing a metal or atom other than H, N, C, O, S, or halogen [3] |
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11/ | 00 | Preparation of sulfur-containing organic compounds [3] |
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13/ | 00 | Preparation of nitrogen-containing organic compounds [3] |
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13/ | 02 | . | Amides, e.g. chloramphenicol [3] |
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13/ | 04 | . | Alpha- or beta-amino acids [3] |
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13/ | 06 | . . | Alanine; Leucine; Isoleucine; Serine; Homoserine [3] |
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13/ | 08 | . . | Lysine; Diaminopimelic acid; Threonine; Valine [3] |
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13/ | 10 | . . | Citrulline; Arginine; Ornithine [3] |
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13/ | 12 | . . | Methionine; Cysteine; Cystine [3] |
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13/ | 14 | . . | Glutamic acid; Glutamine [3] |
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13/ | 16 | . . . | using surfactants, fatty acids or fatty acid esters, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group or a carboxyl ester group [3] |
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13/ | 18 | . . . | using biotin or its derivatives [3] |
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13/ | 20 | . . | Aspartic acid; Asparagine [3] |
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13/ | 22 | . . | Tryptophan; Tyrosine; Phenylalanine; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine [3] |
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13/ | 24 | . . | Proline; Hydroxyproline; Histidine [3] |
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15/ | 00 | Preparation of compounds containing at least three condensed carbocyclic rings [3] |
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17/ | 00 | Preparation of heterocyclic carbon compounds with only O, N, S, Se, or Te as ring hetero atoms (C 12 P 13/04 to C 12 P 13/24 take precedence) |
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17/ | 02 | . | Oxygen as only ring hetero atoms [3] |
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17/ | 04 | . . | containing a five-membered hetero ring, e.g. griseofulvin [3] |
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17/ | 06 | . . | containing a six-membered hetero ring, e.g. fluorescein [3] |
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17/ | 08 | . . | containing a hetero ring of at least seven ring members, e.g. zearalenone, macrolide aglycons [3] |
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17/ | 10 | . | Nitrogen as only ring hetero atom [3] |
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17/ | 12 | . . | containing a six-membered hetero ring [3] |
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17/ | 14 | . | Nitrogen or oxygen as hetero atom and at least one other diverse hetero ring atom in the same ring [3] |
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17/ | 16 | . | containing two or more hetero rings [3] |
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17/ | 18 | . | containing at least two hetero rings condensed among themselves or condensed with a common carbocyclic ring system, e.g. rifamycin [3] |
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19/ | 00 | Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals (ketoaldonic acids C 12 P 7/58) |
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Note |
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Attention is drawn to Note (3) following the title of subclass C 07 H, which defines the expression "saccharide radical". [3] |
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19/ | 02 | . | Monosaccharides (2-ketogulonic acid C 12 P 7/60) [3] |
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19/ | 04 | . | Polysaccharides, i.e. compounds containing more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic bonds [3] |
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19/ | 06 | . . | Xanthan, i.e. Xanthomonas-type heteropolysaccharides [3] |
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19/ | 08 | . . | Dextran [3] |
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19/ | 10 | . . | Pullulan [3] |
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19/ | 12 | . | Disaccharides [3] |
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19/ | 14 | . | produced by the action of a carbohydrase, e.g. by alpha-amylase [3] |
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19/ | 16 | . | produced by the action of an alpha-1, 6-glucosidase, e.g. amylose, debranched amylopectin (non-biological hydrolysis of starch C 08 B 30/00) [3] |
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19/ | 18 | . | produced by the action of a glycosyl transferase, e.g. alpha-, beta- or gamma-cyclodextrins [3] |
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19/ | 20 | . | produced by the action of an exo-1, 4 alpha-glucosidase, e.g. dextrose [3] |
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19/ | 22 | . | produced by the action of a beta-amylase, e.g. maltose [3] |
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19/ | 24 | . | produced by the action of an isomerase, e.g. fructose [3] |
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19/ | 26 | . | Preparation of nitrogen-containing carbohydrates [3] |
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19/ | 28 | . . | N-glycosides [3] |
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19/ | 30 | . . . | Nucleotides [3] |
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19/ | 32 | . . . . | having a condensed ring system containing a six-membered ring having two nitrogen atoms in the same-ring, e.g. purine nucleotides, nicotineamide-adenine dinucleotide [3] |
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19/ | 34 | . . . . | Polynucleotides, e.g. nucleic acids, oligoribonucleotides [3] |
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19/ | 36 | . . . . | Dinucleotides, e.g. nicotineamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate [3] |
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19/ | 38 | . . . | Nucleosides [3] |
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19/ | 40 | . . . . | having a condensed ring system containing a six-membered ring having two nitrogen atoms in the same ring, e.g. purine nucleosides [3] |
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19/ | 42 | . . . | Cobalamins, i.e. vitamin B12 , LLD factor [3] |
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19/ | 44 | . | Preparation of O-glycosides, e.g. glucosides [3] |
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19/ | 46 | . . | having an oxygen atom of the saccharide radical bound to a cyclohexyl radical, e.g. kasugamycin [3] |
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19/ | 48 | . . . | the cyclohexyl radical being substituted by two or more nitrogen atoms, e.g. destomycin, neamin [3] |
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19/ | 50 | . . . . | having two saccharide radicals bound through only oxygen to adjacent ring carbon atoms of the cyclohexyl radical, e.g. ambutyrosin, ribostamycin [3] |
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19/ | 52 | . . . . . | containing three or more saccharide radicals, e.g. neomycin, lividomycin [3] |
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19/ | 54 | . . . | the cyclohexyl radical being bound directly to a nitrogen atom of two or more  radicals, e.g. streptomycin [3] |
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19/ | 56 | . . | having an oxygen atom of the saccharide radical directly bound to a condensed ring system having three or more carbocyclic rings, e.g. daunomycin, adriamycin [3] |
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19/ | 58 | . . | having an oxygen atom of the saccharide radical directly bound through only acyclic carbon atoms to a non-saccharide heterocyclic ring, e.g. bleomycin, phleomycin [3] |
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19/ | 60 | . . | having an oxygen of the saccharide radical directly bound to a non-saccharide heterocyclic ring or a condensed ring system containing a non-saccharide heterocyclic ring, e.g. coumermycin, novobiocin [3] |
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19/ | 62 | . . . | the hetero ring having eight or more ring members and only oxygen as ring hetero atoms, e.g. erythromycin, spiramycin, nystatin [3] |
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19/ | 64 | . | Preparation of S-glycosides, e.g. lincomycin [3] |
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21/ | 00 | Preparation of peptides or proteins (single-cell protein C 12 N 1/00) |
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21/ | 02 | . | having a known sequence of two or more amino acids, e.g. glutathione [3] |
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21/ | 04 | . . | Cyclic or bridged peptides or polypeptides, e.g. bacitracin (cyclised by –S–S– bonds only C 12 P 21/02) [3] |
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21/ | 06 | . | produced by the hydrolysis of a peptide bond, e.g. hydrolysate products (preparing foodstuffs by protein hydrolysis A 23 J 3/00) [3] |
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21/ | 08 | . | Monoclonal antibodies [5] |
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23/ | 00 | Preparation of compounds containing a cyclohexene ring having an unsaturated side chain containing at least ten carbon atoms bound by conjugated double bonds, e.g. carotenes (containing hetero-rings C 12 P 17/00) |
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25/ | 00 | Preparation of compounds containing alloxazine or isoalloxazine nucleus, e.g. riboflavin [3] |
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27/ | 00 | Preparation of compounds containing a gibbane ring system, e.g. gibberellin [3] |
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29/ | 00 | Preparation of compounds containing a naphthacene ring system, e.g. tetracycline (C 12 P 19/00 takes precedence) |
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31/ | 00 | Preparation of compounds containing a five-membered ring having two side-chains in ortho position to each other, and having at least one oxygen atom directly bound to the ring in ortho position to one of the side-chains, one side-chain containing, not directly bound to the ring, a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, and the other side-chain having at least one oxygen atom bound in gamma-position to the ring, e.g. prostaglandins [3] |
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33/ | 00 | Preparation of steroids [3] |
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Notes |
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(1) | In groups C 12 P 33/02 to C 12 P 33/20, the following terms are used with the meaning indicated: |
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– | "acting", "forming", "hydroxylating", "dehydroxylating" or "dehydrogenating" means the action of a micro-organism or enzyme rather than other chemical action. [3] |
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(2) | Attention is drawn to the Note following the title of subclass C 07 J, which explains what is covered by the term "steroids". [3] |
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33/ | 02 | . | Dehydrogenating; Dehydroxylating [3] |
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33/ | 04 | . . | Forming an aryl ring from A ring [3] |
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33/ | 06 | . | Hydroxylating [3] |
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33/ | 08 | . . | at 11 position [3] |
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33/ | 10 | . . . | at 11alpha-position [3] |
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33/ | 12 | . | Acting on D ring [3] |
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33/ | 14 | . . | Hydroxylating at 16 position [3] |
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33/ | 16 | . . | Acting at 17 position [3] |
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33/ | 18 | . . . | Hydroxylating at 17 position [3] |
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33/ | 20 | . | containing heterocyclic rings [3] |
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35/ | 00 | Preparation of compounds having a 5-thia-1-azabicyclo [4.2.0] octane ring system, e.g. cephalosporin [3] |
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35/ | 02 | . | by desacylation of the substituent in the 7 position [3] |
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35/ | 04 | . | by acylation of the substituent in the 7 position [3] |
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35/ | 06 | . | Cephalosporin C; Derivatives thereof [3] |
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35/ | 08 | . | disubstituted in the 7 position [3] |
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37/ | 00 | Preparation of compounds having a 4-thia-1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane ring system, e.g. penicillin [3] |
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37/ | 02 | . | in presence of phenylacetic acid or phenylacetamide or their derivatives [3] |
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37/ | 04 | . | by acylation of the substituent in the 6 position [3] |
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37/ | 06 | . | by desacylation of the substituent in the 6 position [3] |
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39/ | 00 | Processes involving micro-organisms of different genera in the same process, simultaneously [3] |
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41/ | 00 | Processes using enzymes or micro-organisms to separate optical isomers from a racemic mixture [4] |
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